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The effective symbiotic activity of rhizobia can contribute increment of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), which is of great importance in low technology regions. This study aimed to evaluate the symbiotic efficiency of native rhizobia from Brazilian Northeast soils for selection of the most efficient and competitive strains for Leucaena leucocephala plant. The greenhouse test was conducted in factorial scheme (7x3), with seven fertilization treatments and three soil classes (Luvisol, Ultisol and Oxisol). The fertilization treatments were: (a) four native rhizobia isolates, obtained from nodules of L. leucocephala grown in Brazilian semiarid soils; (b) recommended strain (SEMIA 6069); (c) control without rhizobia inoculation and without N fertilization; (d) control without rhizobia, but with N fertilization (100 mg kg -1 ). The plants were harvested at 90 days and the following characteristics were determined: plant height, diameter, shoots dry matter, roots dry matter and nodules dry matter, number of nodules, nitrogen concentration and accumulation in shoots, and efficiency of nitrogen fixation. The isolates 36F and 45G are very promising on Biologic Nitrogen Fixation (BNF). They showed high symbiotic efficiency (higher than 90%). These selected strains provided the best characteristics such as plant height (57 and 52 cm), diameter (4.03 and 4.02 mm), dry matter of shoot (3.2 and 3.6 g plant -1 ) and nitrogen accumulation in shoots (60 and 65 mg plant-1).

Symbiotic efficiency of native rhizobia in legume tree Leucaena leucocephala derived from several soil classes of Brazilian Northeast region