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Urorectal septum malformation sequence can be diagnosed prenatally. We report herein the successful treatment of severe respiratory failure in two patients with urorectal sep- tum malformation sequence and prenatally diagnosed oligohydramnios. The patients showed significant hypoxic deterioration and persistent pulmonary artery hypertension soon after birth. We used high-frequency ventilation (HFO), nitric oxide (NO), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The patients were successfully weaned from ECMO and artificial venti - lation and discharged to home. Although termination of the pregnancy has often been selected for fetuses with oligohydramnios-related urorectal septum malformation sequence, our results suggest the opportunity for these fetuses to be treated using respiratory supports including HFO, NO, and ECMO after birth.

Successful treatment of two cases of urorectal septum malformation sequence with oligohydramnios and severe respiratory failure