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Impaired peripheral oxygenation (IPO)-related variables readily achieved with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) represent cardiovascular dysfunction. These variables include peak oxygen uptake ( [Formula: see text] predicted, anaerobic threshold [Formula: see text] predicted, [Formula: see text] rate slope &lt;8.6 mL/watt, oxygen pulse &lt;80% predicted, and ventilatory equivalents for O2 and CO2 at nadir of &gt;31 and &gt;34, respectively. Some of these six variables may be normal while the others are abnormal in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This may result in confusion when using the interpretation algorithm for diagnostic purposes. We therefore hypothesized that patients found to have abnormal values for all six variables would have worse cardiovascular function than patients with abnormal values for none or some of these variables.

Cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated by impaired peripheral oxygenation