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Quantum Monte Carlo simulations provide one of the more powerful andversatile numerical approaches to condensed matter systems. However, theirapplication to frustrated quantum spin models, in all relevant temperatureregimes, is hamstrung by the infamous "sign problem." Here we exploit the factthat the sign problem is basis-dependent. Recent studies have shown thatpassing to a dimer (two-site) basis eliminates the sign problem completely fora fully frustrated spin model on the two-leg ladder. We generalize this resultto all partially frustrated two-leg spin-1/2 ladders, meaning those where thediagonal and leg couplings take any antiferromagnetic values. We find that,although the sign problem does reappear, it remains remarkably mild throughoutthe entire phase diagram. We explain this result and apply it to performefficient quantum Monte Carlo simulations of frustrated ladders, obtainingaccurate results for thermodynamic quantities such as the magnetic specificheat and susceptibility of ladders up to L=200 rungs (400 spins 1/2) and downto very low temperatures.

Efficient Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of highly frustrated magnets: the frustrated spin-1/2 ladder