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Book DOI: 10.21467/abstracts.93 the village of Sayasan and further to West. Lithologically, they are represented by dark gray, bluish-gray, sometimes layered and marl clay. To the North of the described deposits, a powerful layer of rocks of the upper armata age is exposed. In the upper part, it is composed of dark gray clays with layers of fine-grained yellow-gray Sandstone, and in the lower part-dark gray clays with a capacity of more than 300 m. In the area of the upper Sarmatian sediments, the villages of Gilyany, Zandak, Rogun-Kazha, Ayty-Mokhk, and others are located. Thus, the dependence of landslide processes on the material composition (lithology) of geological horizons is clearly observed here. Their active manifestations are confined mainly to the central zone of the district, in the geological structure of which Sarmatian deposits, represented by clays, take part (the zone of settlements location: Zandak, Gilyany, Sayasan, Engenoy, Chechel-khee, etc.). In the southern part the surface is covered with sand layers of Chokrak and Carbonate rocks of the upper Cretaceous, and in the Northern part – quaternary Akchagyl-Apsheron layers, represented by sand and siltstone rocks. All marked breeds belong to the so-called light-permeable ones. There are practically no or weakly manifested landslide processes. It should also be noted that landslide processes are associated with the activity of modern movements. The above-listed localities, where intense landslides were observed, are located within or near the North-Benoy structure, which is characterized by the activity of modern movements. Despite many years of experience in researching and predicting landslide processes, their periodically observed activation in the area under consideration causes significant material damage and causes problems in the further development of the infrastructure of localities and the entire area as a whole. In this regard, the improvement of existing methods and the development of new methods of landslide control remain very relevant. The solution of this problem in General is not possible, since in each individual case it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of this area. The following landslide control measures have been proposed in the scientific literature: organization of engineering and geological research and regular monitoring of landslide processes; interception and diversion of surface and underground water by constructing drainage systems and upland ditches to drain the landslide area; measures aimed at increasing the strength of slope soils-silicatization, freezing, cementation, etc.; measures to hold landslide masses by driving piles in a staggered order; planting of tree and shrub vegetation with well-developed turf to create a closed vegetation cover in order to reduce the intensity of landslide processes. Each item of these measures requires separate analysis and consideration. At the same time, depending on the location and nature of landslides, certain measures may be more effective.

Geological and Geomorphological Conditions for the Formation of Landslide Processes in the Mountainous Part of the Chechen Republic and Measures to Fight Them