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The importance of traditional ecological knowledge to the sustainability of ecosystem services is obvious when realizing that such knowledge, handed down through generations, is essentially about how to ensure the continuous utilization of limited natural resources. In other words, traditional ecological knowledge provides a way to sustain the value of ecosystem services. In existing research on the value of ecosystem services, however, the role of traditional ecological knowledge remains largely unaddressed. For traditional ecological knowledge to remain available in local communities, it is necessary that elderly community members can pass it on to younger generations. Worryingly, this knowledge transmission is often hampered by modern-day demographic changes that see the working-age population decrease and the elderly population increase. This paper aims to investigate the impact of traditional ecological knowledge on the value of ecosystem services by accounting for the demographic composition of communities, taking the islands in Shinan County, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea, as a case study. The varying degrees in which the 13 investigated islands in Shinan County are experiencing the aforementioned demographic changes affect the sustainability of their ecosystem services. To incorporate the demographic composition into the valuation of ecosystem services, a weight factor was calculated being the ratio of the working-age population to the elderly population. The study results identified the islands Aphaedo and Jido, both areas with a high value of ecosystem services, as having the highest sustainability. Although having a relatively low value of ecosystem services, the island Imjado ranked third in terms of sustainability due to a relatively good demographic composition. It is reasonable to say that the study took a very simple approach by using only a single weight factor based on the demographic composition of communities to quantify the possibilities of transfer and acquisition of traditional ecological knowledge in those communities. Despite this limitation, however, the paper is expected to facilitate the necessary indepth discussion of the role of traditional ecological knowledge in sustaining the value of ecological services.

Traditional ecological knowledge and sustainability of ecosystem services on islands: A case study of Shinan County, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea