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Biogeographia vol. XXIII - 2002 (Pubblicato il 1q ottobre 2002) Biogeografia degli ambienti costieri Polychromatism and biogeography in the ophiuroid Amplzzp/oolis squtzmtzttl (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) in the area of Messina (Sicily) SAMUEL DUPONT*, LORENZA SALPIETR **°, MARIATERESA COST/\NZO°, MALLEFET* *Lzz5omtmjy of/lnimzzl P/yysiology, Czztlmlit University of Lam/tzin, Bzztiment Czzmoy, 5 Plate Croix zlu Sud, B4348 Lam/zzz’7z—lzz-Neuzze (Belgium) e—maz'l: a’upont@bzzm'. uclzzt. be (Belgium); and Biodiversity! Research Centre, Cat/aolic Uniz/errity of Lauwzin (Belgium); **Intermztiomzl Resezzrt/J Institute “Fermzml Btzgzzet” (Italy) °De;mzrt7nem‘ 0fAm'mzzl Biology cmdMzzrz'ne Ecology, University» 0fMe55z'mz (Italy) Key Words: intraspecific variability, population genetics, polychromatism, biogeography, microevolution SUMMARY The cosmopolitan ophiuroid species /l77zp/Jip/Joli: rqzztzrrzata was observed in 10 sampling stations in the area of Messina (Italy). These stations were located in biotope presenting contrasting habitat structures: in gravels, under stones, in the green seaweeds C/Jzzetamarp/m new or C. medz'terrzmea, in the red seaweeds Camllimt elangztrzz or Pteraclzzzrz 5}). The species is polychromatic and eight different colour morphs were observed in this area: orange, beige, darll—brown, grey and four spotted forms. Huge differences observed between the populations for the frequencies of these varieties were formalized using the cosinus distance method. Our results suggest that: i) the degree of opening to the sea is a factor that one has to take into account to population studies; and, ii) biotic environment is the principal factor inducing rnicroevolution within this species. INTRODUCTION The small brittle—star Amp/azplzolis squzzmzztez Delle Chiaje has attracted the interest of biologists since more than two centuries. It is the only coastal ophiuroid that presents a cosmopolitan distribution and the species is observed from

Polychromatism and biogeography in the ophiuroid Amphipholis squamata (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) in the area of Messina