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<p class="noindent">We address extreme loading of structures using peridynamics. The peridynamic model is a theory of continuum mechanics that is formulated in terms of integro-differential equations without spatial derivatives. It is a nonlocal theory whose equations remain valid regardless of fractures or other discontinuities that may emerge in a body due to loading. We review peridynamic theory and its implementation in the EMU computer code. We consider extreme loadings on reinforced concrete structures by impacts from massive objects. Peridynamic theory has been extended to model composite materials, fluids, and explosives. We discuss recent developments in peridynamic theory, including modeling gases as peridynamic materials and the detonation model in EMU. We then consider explosive loading of concrete structures. This work supports the conclusion that peridynamic theory is a physically reasonable and viable approach to modeling extreme loading of structures. </p>

An approach to modeling extreme loading of structures using peridynamics