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Momentous events in Western democracies have brought renewed attention to how various aspects of government-controlled policy outputs and outcomes affect citizens politically. Unlike most previous research this study uses individual-level panel data to test the link between government performance and political trust. Moreover, we gauge performance in more policy domains than previous research including key aspects of government-controlled social services as well as a wide range of economic risks. We find that evaluations of government performance do have implications for trust in institutions of representative democracy. The evidence, however, is stronger for evaluations of social protection than for economic risks. Crucially, our analysis suggests that the relationship between performance evaluations and distrust is not unidirectional, but reciprocal. The relationship may thus be described as a “downbound spiral” where dissatisfied and vulnerable groups develop distrust, which in turn makes for a more pessimistic interpretation of the political world.

Downbound Spiral? Economic Grievances, Perceived Social Protection, and Political Distrust