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This paper provides a theoretical explanation for the heteroscedasticity of asset returns. In line with existing empirical results, our model yields an asymmetric relationship between stock return and volatility. Based on the simple assumptions that investors behave according to Prospect Theory and are subject to mental accounting in a dynamic setting, we analytically derive the unit-root versions of two of the best fitting heteroscedasticity models (EGARCH and TGARCH). The model is supported by our empirical results from two different sides: first, analysis of individual trading data shows that investors indeed become risk-seeking right after losses and more risk-averse subsequent to gains; second, the parameter estimation of our volatility model yields the predicted negative relationship between abnormal returns and subsequent volatility.

Microfoundations of Heteroscedasticity: A Loss-Aversion-Based Explanation of Asymmetric GARCH Models