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The interaction of investment treaty law with European law is a growing concern not only for policy makers but also for investors and arbitral tribunals, especially in the energy sector. This paper sketches the existing and potential legal problems between the regimes with the aim of drawing conclusions on the impact of those tensions on the future of the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT). In a first part, the paper discusses the problem of the compatibility of investment treaty law with European law in general that may require European member states to renegotiate their existing agreements. A second part is dedicated to the more controversial issues of the continuing applicability of intra-EU investment treaties, discussing their far-reaching overlap with the protection afforded by European law and the resulting complications. Most of the previously discussed problems also arise under the Energy Charter Treaty, in addition to the specific complications that are analysed in a third part. The paper also outlines the consequences of the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty and finishes with a summary and outlook of the general importance of these European developments for the future of the Energy Charter Treaty.

The Next 10 Year ECT Investment Arbitration: A Vision for the Future – From a European Law Perspective