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Despite the number of detailed studies on arsenate adsorption onto synthetic 2-line ferrihydrite carried out during the past few decades, questions remain regarding the fate of adsorbed arsenate during phase transformation of this poorly crystalline iron oxy-hydroxide. We assessed arsenate partitioning during this transformation by aging synthetic 2-line ferrihydrite with adsorbed arsenate (at an As/Fe molar ratio of  ~ 0.017) for 7 days at 75 °C under highly alkaline conditions (pH  ~ 10). X-ray diffraction patterns show that  ~ 55% of the ferrihydrite converted almost entirely to hematite (with traces of goethite) after aging 7 days, accompanied by a  ~ 54% loss of reactive surface area (BET). ICP-MS analyses indicate that despite this conversion and significant loss of surface area, the aqueous arsenate concentration decreased from  ~ 1.48 to  ~ 0.51 mg/L during the course of the experiment. XAS analyses suggest that the concentration of arsenate and its speciation are controlled by its incorporation into the hematite.

Arsenate partitioning from ferrihydrite to hematite: Spectroscopic evidence