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Kangite (IMA 2011-092), (Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,⃞) 2 O 3 , is a new scandia mineral, occurring as micrometer-sized crystals with REE-rich perovskite and spinel in a davisite-dominant ultra-refractory inclusion from the Allende CV3 carbonaceous chondrite. The phase was characterized by SEM, EBSD, synchrotron micro-Laue diffraction, micro-Raman, and EPMA. The mean chemical composition of the type kangite is (wt%) TiO 2  36.6, Sc 2 O 3  26.4, ZrO 2  11.3, Al 2 O 3  7.0, Y 2 O 3  5.4, CaO 3.9, MgO 3.14, Dy 2 O 3  1.8, SiO 2  1.7, V 2 O 3  1.31, Er 2 O 3  0.92, FeO 0.8, Gd 2 O 3  0.60, Ho 2 O 3  0.40, Tb 2 O 3  0.18, Cr 2 O 3  0.09, ThO 2  0.04, O -0.3, sum 101.28, which leads to an empirical formula calculated on the basis of 3 O atoms of [(Sc 0.54 Al 0.16 Y 0.07 V 0.03 Gd 0.01 Dy 0.01 Er 0.01 ) 3+  ∑0.83 (Ti 0.66 Zr 0.13 ) 4+  ∑0.79 (Mg 0.11 Ca 0.06  Fe 0.02 ) 2+  ∑0.19  ⃞0.19]∑ 2.00 O 3 . Synchrotron micro-Laue diffraction (i.e., an energy scan by a high-flux X-ray monochromatic beam) on one type domain at submicrometer resolution revealed that kangite has a cation-deficient Ia3 bixbyite-type cubic structure. The cell parameters are a = 9.842(1) Å, V = 953.3(1) Å 3 , Z = 16, which leads to a calculated density of 3.879 g/cm 3 . Kangite is a new ultra-refractory mineral, likely originating through low-temperature oxidation of a Sc-,Ti 3+ -enriched high-temperature condensate oxide dating to the birth of the Solar System.

american mineralogist

Kangite, (Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,⃞) 2 O 3 , a new ultra-refractory scandia mineral from the Allende meteorite: Synchrotron micro-Laue diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction