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An in situ synchrotron powder X‑ray diffraction study on (Fe 0.89 ,Ni 0.11 ) 3 S was conducted up to 141 GPa and 1590 K. (Fe 0.89 ,Ni 0.11 ) 3 S has a tetragonal structure, which is the same structure as Ni-free Fe 3 S. Fitting a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state to data at ambient temperature yielded a bulk modulus of K 0  = 138.1(7.2) GPa and its pressure derivative K 0 ′ = 4.5(3) with a zero pressure volume V 0  = 375.67(4) Å 3 . The density of (Fe 0.89 ,Ni 0.11 ) 3 S under the core-mantle boundary condition is 1.7% greater than that of Fe 3 S. The axial ratio (c/a) of (Fe 0.89 ,Ni 0.11 ) 3 S decreases with increasing pressure. The addition of nickel to Fe 3 S leads to a softening of the c-axis. Assuming that the nickel content of the outer core is about 5 at%, we estimated 12.3-20.8 at% sulfur in the outer core for the given 6-10% density deficit between the outer core and pure iron at 136 GPa.

Phase stability and compression study of (Fe 0.89 ,Ni 0.11 ) 3 S up to pressure of the Earth’s core