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We have measured the effect of alkalis on S concentration at sulfide saturation (SCSS) in an underexplored compositional space of natural hydrous arc melts (basaltic andesite to shoshonite) at 1270 °C and 1 GPa. At an oxygen fugacity approximately 2.5 log units below the fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) buffer, SCSS increases with Na 2 O (562 ppm S/wt% Na 2 O), K 2 O (98 ppm S/wt% K 2 O), and total alkalis (88 ppm S/wt% Na 2 O+K 2 O) over the compositional range we have studied (1.6–3.1 wt% Na 2 O; 0–6.5 wt% K 2 O; 1.9–6.3 wt% FeO tot ). Experiments with ~1.3 wt% H 2 O show approximately half the increase in SCSS with alkalinity compared to those with ~3.0 wt% H 2 O. Our results show a possible limit to the increase in SCSS solely by increasing alkali concentration at ~7.5 wt% total alkali concentration. Using our results and published data, we retrained earlier SCSS models to provide a better fit to test data. We also developed a new empirical model using theoretical optical basicity as a compositional parameter that predicts SCSS in the overall data set with slightly better accuracy compared to previous models:

Effect of alkalinity on sulfur concentration at sulfide saturation in hydrous basaltic andesite to shoshonite melts at 1270 °C and 1 GPa