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Arc magmas commonly are mixtures of newly arriving primitive melts, stored magmas at shallow levels, and xenolithic material added on ascent. Almost every eruption has a unique assembly of these components, which may record magmatic processes occurring in the plumbing system prior to an eruption. In this study, we focus on complexly zoned olivines (crustal xenocrysts) to obtain a better understanding of the magmatic processes and the assembly of the 1963–65 erupted magmas of Irazú volcano, one of the most voluminous active volcanoes in Costa Rica. We performed high-precision in situ Fe-Mg isotope analyses by femtosecond-LA-MC-ICP-MS on these olivines, to unravel the origin of their complex chemical zoning (growth, diffusion, or a combination of both processes). This information was used to establish a refined diffusion model to explore magma mixing-to-eruption timescales. Furthermore, trace element analyses using LA-ICP-MS were performed. Chromium displays a chemical zoning in the investigated olivine, which coincides spatially as well as in terms of length scale and geometry with Fe-Mg zoning and that was used to constrain Cr diffusivity in natural olivine.

american mineralogist

Combined Fe-Mg chemical and isotopic zoning in olivine constraining magma mixing-to-eruption timescales for the continental arc volcano Irazú (Costa Rica) and Cr diffusion in olivine