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Unit-cell volume and microstrain of Py 40 Gr 60  garnets vary with synthesis temperature and annealing time, showing a strong  negative  correlation, as is also seen in another garnet solid solution, Py 20 Gr 80 . This anti-correlation is explained by local Ca-Mg cation arrangement in which Ca-Ca and Mg-Mg third-nearest-neighbor (Same 3NN = S3NN) pairs form at rates other than those expected from random Ca-Mg distribution. S3NN pairs cause microstrain ( Bosenick et al. 2000 ) but allow more efficient packing than random Ca-Mg pairings that contribute to excess volume, hence smaller cell volumes correlate with more microstrain. Both longer annealing time and higher heating temperature cause more S3NN formation, larger microscopic strain, and smaller unit-cell volume. The anti-correlation of microstrain and excess volume is weaker in our previous study of pyrope-rich solutions (i.e., Py 80 Gr 20 ,  Du et al. 2016 ) because excess volume varies little from Ca-Ca S3NN pairings in pyrope-rich solutions, whereas Mg-Mg S3NN pairings in grossular-rich solutions studied here are effective at reducing excess volume. Heating to 600 °C under room pressure or cold hydrostatic compression to 10 GPa does not reset microstrain.

american mineralogist

Microscopic strain in a grossular-pyrope solution anti-correlates with excess volume through local Mg-Ca cation arrangement, more strongly at high Ca/Mg ratio