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Incommensurate tridymite L3-T O (MX-1) shows a cascade of five phase transitions at 65, HO, 150, 200, and 380 ℃ upon heating. The X-ray diffraction patterns were investigated with a Buerger precession camera revealing a sequence of four incommensurate phases in the range from room temperature to 200 ℃. The phases formed between 65 and HO ℃ and between HO and 150 ℃ are new modifications of tridymite. At 65 ℃ the monoclinic tridymite L3-T 0 (MX-1) phase undergoes a first-order transformation to an orthorhombic phase. The incommensurate structural modulation of the room-temperature phase with the wavevector q x  = 0.663 a* -0.498 c* flips to q 2  = 0.042 a* -0.388 c*. Simultaneously, a commensurate modulation with tripled b lattice parameter is formed. The wavelengths of both modulations do not depend appreciably on the temperature. The incommensurate modulation discontinuously disappears near 110 ℃ whereas the commensurate modulation along the b axis becomes non-integral with a temperature-dependent wavelength varying between 115 and 100 A. At 150 Å the symmetry is reduced to monoclinic again with 7 = 90.4°. Between 150 and 200 ℃ the monoclinic angle gradually decreases to 90° and the wavelength of the modulation from about 90 to 65 Å. At higher temperatures, the satellite reflections fade into weak streaks and the normal orthorhombic high-temperature modification of tridymite is formed.

Characterization of the high-temperature modifications of incommensurate tridymite L3-T O (MX-1) from 25 to 250 ℃