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Bamfordite from the abandoned W-Mo-Bi mines at Bamford, Queensland, Australia, is a new hydrated iron molybdate with a unique structure. This mineral formed by oxidation of molybdenite, MoS 2 , in the presence of strongly acidic solutions. It occurs as microcrystalline aggregates of tabular triclinic crystals between 0.005 and 0.05 mm long. The aggregates are apple-green with an earthy luster and greenish yellow streak. Crystals are transparent, with pale to moderate yellow-green pleochroism. They show principal forms {001}, {100}, {010}, {110}, {11̄0}, and prominent (100) cleavage traces. The Mohs hardness is 2-3 and the measured density is 3.620 g/cm 3  (calculated density is 3.616 g/cm 3 ). Crystals are biaxial negative and length slow, with RIs of α = 1.91, β = 2.03, and γ = 2.11, and 2V≈ 908. Chemical analysis yielded an empirical formula of Fe 3+  1.00  Mo 2.01 W 0.03  P 0.02 O 10 H 4.62 , calculated on the basis of ten O atoms. The simplified formula is Fe 3+ Mo 2 O 6  (OH) 3 ·H 2 O, chosen on the basis of crystal-structure determination and Mössbauer spectroscopy results. Unit-cell parameters calculated both from the X-ray powder and singlecrystal diffraction data are a = 5.889(5), b = 7.545(5), c = 9.419(5) Å ; α = 71.46(4)°, β = 83.42(4)°, γ = 72.78(4)°; V 5 378.9(4) Å 3 ; Z = 2; P1 or P1̄. The crystal structure was solved in P1 using direct methods and Fourier techniques. The final refinement based on 1486 observed reflections [I &gt; 2.00 σI] converged to R 5 0.05 and R w  5 0.038. The bamfordite crystal structure contains groups of four MoO 6  octahedra, linked by edgesharing, which in turn are linked through corner-sharing to pairs of FeO 6  octahedra thereby forming infinite sheets parallel to (100). These sheets are stepped and linked by hydrogen bonding. No other molybdenum oxides have this or a similar structure, instead molybdates such as wulfenite, PbMoO 4 , are based on tetrahedrally coordinated molybdenum.

Bamfordite, Fe 3+ Mo 2 O 6 (OH) 3 ·H 2 O, a new hydrated iron molybdenum oxyhydroxide from Queensland, Australia: Description and crystal chemistry