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Solid solutions of (Ce 5 Y)PO 4  were synthesized hydrothermally between 300 ℃ and 1000 ℃ at pressures of 2, 5, 10, and 15 kbar. Experiment products were analyzed by electron microprobe, and their lattice parameters were refined by Rietveld analysis of XRD powder patterns. Over a wide range of bulk compositions, two immiscible phases formed: monazite with a P2 1 /n structure (REEO 9  polyhedron) and xenotime with an I4 1 /amd structure (REEO 8  polyhedron).I Variations of the unit-cell dimensions are directly correlated with variations in composition. The boundaries of the asymmetric miscibility gap are strongly dependent on temperature. At 2 kbar and from 300-1000 ℃, maximum Y concentrations in monazite coexisting with xenotime increase from 3-16 mol%. With increasing pressure, this limb is shifted to higher Y contents so that at 15 kbar it ranges from 6 to about 25 mol% for the same temperature range. In contrast, Ce concentrations in xenotime do not exceed 3 mol% at 1000 ℃ over the entire pressure range. Our experimentally determined boundaries fit surprisingly well with empirical calibrations of the (LREE-HREE,Y)PO 4 -solvus boundaries derived from a suite of low pressure metapelites (3 to 5 kbar) that equilibrated at peak temperatures ranging from 400-700 °C. The behavior of the natural (REE 5 Y)PO 4  system is probably well described by the simple (Ce 5 Y)PO 4  binary, at least for metapelitic compositions. Many natural samples of monazite coexisting with xenotime show prograde growth zonation with respect to the incorporation of HREE + Y The combination of our thermometer along with U-Pb and Sm-Nd age determinations of high spatial resolution may thus provide information about prograde branches of metamorphic PTt paths.

Monazite-xenotime thermobarometry: Experimental calibration of the miscibility gap in the binary system CePO 4 -YPO 4