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Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries despite recent advances in aseptic techniques. The SSIs due to emerging multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria isolates are considered as grave threats to the public health worldwide. Each hospital has specific type of microbial flora from which infection initiates. In such condition microorganism shows unique type of antibiotic susceptibility and resistance pattern. In this study we report on the microbiological spectrum of SSIs and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern with a view to provide guide to the clinicians for making rational decision over the choice of antibiotics in the management of surgical site infection. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital and the 560 samples were collected, processed in the microbiology laboratory and evaluated for the study. Results: Out of 376 growth positive samples, Gram Negative Bacilli (GNB) were isolated from 271 (72%) samples and Gram Positive Cocci (GPC) were isolated from 105 (28%) samples. Among the isolated GNB, only 5 to 10% were sensitive to third generation Cephalosporins. Sensitivity to Fluroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin) was also low (Only 5% to 10% were sensitive). Only 3 to 15% of the GNB were found sensitive to Co-amoxiclav and 6.5% to 23% were sensitive to Ampicillin-Sulbactam. About 60% of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and about 40% of the Klebsiella spp and Acinetobacter baumanii were found resistant to Meropenem. Conclusion: Gram Negative Bacilli predominated over Gram Positive Cocci in surgical site infections in our set up. Very low sensitivity to 3rd generation Cephalosporins, Ampicillin, Co-amoxiclav and Fluroquinolones was noted among GNB isolates and an increasing pattern of resistance to Aminoglycosides and Carbapenems was also noted among MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii isolates. More than 50% of the MDR Acinetobacter spp. were was found sensitive to AmpicillinSulbactam and Minocycline.

international journal of contemporary medical research

Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Surgical Site Infections of Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital