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Cryptococcal meningitis is one of the leading opportunistic infections associated with high mortality. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T-cell count ≤ 200 cells/μl. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study including a total of 100 blood samples of HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T-cell count ≤ 200 cells/μl was carried out in a tertiary care hospital. The Cryptococcal Antigen Latex Agglutination Test was performed on serum separated from blood samples included in the study group. A positive cryptococcal antigenemia was diagnosed by positive latex agglutination test of cryptococcal polysaccharide antigen in serum. BMI of all patients included in the study group was calculated and WHO clinical staging of all patients was noted. Results: Three cases out of 100 were positive for cryptococcal antigenemia. The positive cases showed correlation with low BMI and WHO Clinical stage II and III of HIV disease. In the present study, 33.33% and 66.67% of positive cases had CD4+ T-cell count within the range of 0-100cells/μl and 101-200cells/μl respectively. Conclusion: It is important to implement routine screening for cryptococcal antigen among HIV-infected cases with CD4+ T-cell count ≤ 200 cells/μl for early detection of cryptococcal antigenemia. It will help in identifying the risk of subsequent cryptococcal meningitis and initiation of preemptive antifungal treatment.

Cryptococcal Antigenemia in HIV-Infected Patients with CD4+ T-cell Count ≤ 200 cells/μl: A study from a tertiary care hospital