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Gibberellins (GAs) are phytohormones that regulate plant height and flowering time in plants. Plants with reduced GA or disrupted in GA signaling exhibit a dwarf phenotype. DELLA proteins are transcriptional repressors that attenuate GA-mediated promotion of plant growth. Alleles in which the eponymous DELLA motif in these proteins is disrupted result in constitutive repression of GA signaling and a dominantly inherited dwarf phenotype. We found that the dwarf  Helianthus annuus  (sunflower) cultivar Sunspot is hyposensitive to GA 3  as compared with the tall cultivar Mammoth Grey. Sequencing of the  HaDella1  gene indicates that ‘Sunspot’ has a single nucleotide polymorphism resulting in a missense mutation in the DELLA motif as compared with ‘Mammoth Grey’ and the reference sequence.  Helianthus annuus  has five genes encoding DELLA proteins, including  HaDella1 . We propose that the DELLA motif alteration in the  HaDella1  gene results in a dominant mutation in ‘Sunspot’ and is the cause of its dwarf phenotype.

Sunflower ‘Sunspot’ is Hyposensitive to GA3 and has a Missense Mutation in the DELLA Motif of HaDella1