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Diploid  Vaccinium darrowii  Camp has been used in breeding tetraploid southern highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum  L.) as a source of reduced chilling requirement, adaptation to hot, wet summers, and resistance to leaf diseases.  V. darrowii  in Florida is quite variable, but most crosses have involved only one  V. darrowii  clone, Fla. 4B. The use in breeding of a wider range of  V. darrowii  accessions would provide beneficial diversity in the blueberry cultivated gene pool. The purpose of this research was to determine the functional 2n gamete frequency of numerous  V. darrowii  genotypes when crossed with tetraploid  V. corymbosum , and to study the pollen fertility and backcross ability of the interspecific ( V. darrowii  ×  V. corymbosum ) hybrids to  V. corymbosum . Crosses between diploid  V. darrowii  and tetraploid highbush blueberry cultivars had low fruit set compared with the  V. darrowii  ×  V. darrowii  and highbush × highbush crosses. The unusually high number of hybrids per pollinated flower (HPF) in certain 4x-2x or 2x-4x crosses was attributed to high functional 2n gamete production in certain  V. darrowii  genotypes. Diploid  Vaccinium fuscatum  Aiton and diploid  V. darrowii  ×  V. fuscatum  hybrids, when crossed with southern highbush blueberry cultivars, were equally productive of hybrids whether used as male or female parents. Variation in frequency of functional 2n gametes in  V. darrowii , expressed as high HPF, was present within plants (megaspores vs. microspores) and among  V. darrowii  plants. Of the 114 interspecific ( V. darrowii  ×  V. corymbosum ) hybrids studied, 106 had pollen stainability &gt;50%. This indicated that most of these hybrids were tetraploid, because triploid blueberries, like most triploid plants, are highly sterile. Twenty-two  V. darrowii  ×  V. corymbosum  hybrids were backcrossed to tetraploid highbush blueberry cultivars. Fruit set was variable, but large populations of vigorous hybrids were obtained. Lower fruit set was associated with hybrids that had lower pollen fertility. It should be possible to obtain plants of cultivar quality in a few generations of backcrosses.

Interspecific Crosses and Backcrosses between Diploid Vaccinium darrowii and Tetraploid Southern Highbush Blueberry