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ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. moth orchid, genetic distance, coefficient of coancestry ABSTRACT. Phalaenopsis is the second most valuable potted plant in the United States. Information on the genetic diversityandrelationshipsamongspeciesandhybridsisimportantforbreedingpurposesandspeciesconservation.In this study, genetic variability of 16 Phalaenopsis species and hybrids was analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP) markers.Ten AFLPprimer combinationsamplified1353DNA fragments ranginginsize from 100 to 350 bp and 1285 (95%) of them were polymorphic. The genetic similarity among Phalaenopsis species and hybrids ranged from 0.298 to 0.774 based on Dice coefficient. The dendrogram derived by the unweighted pair group method witharithmetic mean analysis clustered the germplasm intotwo maingroups. Bootstrap valuesfor the groups supported 70% of the clustering. A significant linear relationship (r = 0.724, P < 0.0001) was observed between known pedigrees and AFLP-derived genetic similarity for 136 pairwise comparisons of Phalaenopsis species and hybrids. The results of this study demonstrate the usefulness of AFLP analysis in Phalaenopsis and its potential application in breeding and species conservation.

Analysis of Genetic Variability among Phalaenopsis Species and Hybrids Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism