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Variation in 14 horticultural traits of native octoploid  Fragaria  L. from North and South America was examined in a greenhouse. Significant levels of variation were found for all but a few of the traits at the species, subspecies, regional and genotypic level, with the highest amount of variation generally being partitioned among genotypes.  Fragaria chiloensis  (L.) Miller was superior to  F. virginiana  Miller for crown number, fruit weight, soluble solids and seed set, while  Fragaria virginiana  was superior for runner production, peduncle length, fruit number, fruit color and winter hardiness.  Fragaria chiloensis  ssp.  pacifica  Staudt had the highest soluble solids and among the earliest bloom dates, highest crown numbers and highest seed set.  Fragaria chiloensis  ssp.  chiloensis  f.  chiloensis  (L.) Duch. produced the largest fruit and among the earliest bloom dates and longest peduncles.  Fragaria chiloensis  ssp.  chiloensis  f.  patagonica  (L.) Duch. had among the highest crown numbers and the highest percentage seed set.  Fragaria virginiana  ssp.  platypetala  (Rydb.) Staudt produced the most crowns and its fruit ripened earliest.  Fragaria virginiana  ssp . glauca  (Wats.) Staudt were the latest flowering, had the darkest fruit color and the most flowering cycles.  Fragaria virginiana  ssp. v irginiana  Duch. displayed the most winter dieback, the longest peduncles, and the highest flower and runner numbers. No significant differences were observed in any of the examined traits between  F. chiloensis  ssp.  pacifica  and  F. chiloensis  ssp.  lucida , or  F. virginiana  ssp.  grayana  and  F. virginiana  ssp.  virginiana.  A number of individual genotypes were superior for more than one trait. CFRA 0024 possessed unusually high crown numbers, was extremely early blooming and displayed multiple fruiting cycles. CFRA 1121 had unusually long peduncles and much higher than average values for fruit weight, soluble solids, fruit color and seed set. CFRA 0094 was extremely early flowering and had much darker fruit color than most other  F. chiloensis  genotypes. CFRA 0368 flowered unusually early and had among the largest fruit. CFRA 0366 possessed unusually long peduncles and the largest fruit of any North American genotype. CFRA 0560 and CFRA 1369 had an unusual combination of multiple flowering cycles and high runner production. CFRA 1170 and 1171 were unusually late fruiting and had high numbers of large fruit on long peduncles. CFRA 1385 and JP 95-3-1 had extremely high flower numbers, long peduncles and large fruit.

Variation in the Horticultural Characteristics of Native Fragaria virginiana and F. chiloensis from North and South America