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Diploid zonal geraniums ( Pelargonium ×hortorum ) are able to resist attack by small arthropod pests such as the two-spotted spider mite ( Tetranychus urticae  Koch) when exudate produced by tall glandular trichomes contains a high percentage of ω 5 -unsaturated anacardic acids. Trichomes of susceptible plants exude primarily saturated anacardic acids. Inbred mite-resistant and -susceptible geraniums were reciprocally crossed and the F 1 , F 2 , and backcross generations were examined for anacardic acid composition and trichome density. Selected F 2  plants were bioassayed for resistance to two-spotted spider mites. High concentrations of ω 5 -unsaturated anacardic acids in resistant plants are conditioned by a single dominant allele. We propose that inheritance of tall glandular trichome density can be controlled by a small number of loci (possibly as few as one) exhibiting codominance. F 2 , with low densities of tall glandular trichomes and producing ω 5 -unsaturated anacardic acids, displayed effective resistance to two-spotted spider mites as measured by mite mortality and fecundity. A genetic model for the biosynthesis of anacardic acids is proposed.

Inheritance of Biochemical and Morphological Characters Associated with Two-spotted Spider Mite Resistance in Pelargonium ×hortorum