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Fifty-six field plantings of 'Baccus', 'Citation', 'Packman', and 'Southern Comet' broccoli were made in Charleston, S.C., at 2-week intervals from February to November from 1990 to 1992. The objective was to determine broccoli's response to growing season mean (GSM) temperatures for several important market quality characteristics, such as head shape, color, density, leafiness, and bead size. Regression analysis determined whether quality was more affected by GSM minimum (min) or maximum (max) temperature for each head quality characteristic. Head leafiness and density of 'Baccus' were insensitive to GSM min (7.0 to 23.5 °C) and GSM max (17.5 to 32.5 °C) temperatures experienced during these years. 'Baccus' head color was unacceptable at 26.8 °C GSM max. 'Citation' head color and leafiness were unacceptable at >20.5 and >20.2 °C GSM max, respectively. Head density of 'Citation' was unacceptable at 28.9 °C GSM max and head shape was unacceptable at 25.7 °C GSM max. Quality of 'Packman' was unacceptable for head color at 27.3 °C GSM max, head leafiness at >32.0 °C GSM max, head density at 18.0 °C GSM min, and head shape at >22.0 °C GSM max. 'Southern Comet' head quality was unacceptable for head color at 16.5 °C GSM min, head leafiness at >32.0 °C GSM max, head density at 16.2 °C GSM min, and head shape at 25.3 °C GSM max. GSM min or max temperatures did not affect bead size of any cultivar during any planting time studied. Agricultural income has been declining, especially in south- eastern states such as South Carolina (Venturella et al., 1988). Producers are searching for new or alternative crops to supplement income from traditional row crops. Broccoli is considered to have commercial potential in South Carolina. From 1970 to 1994, broccoli consumption and land in production has increased from 0.7 to 2.5 kg/capita and from 16,649 to 43,384 ha, respectively (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), 1994). Although California, Texas, and Mexico are the dominant suppliers of broccoli, areas closer to eastern markets, such as South Carolina, could supply these markets since freight costs would be lower (Venturella et al., 1988). Quality of broccoli is acceptable in South Carolina in spring and fall growing seasons. Yet, to capture a significant portion of

Dynamic Relationships between Field Temperatures and Broccoli Head Quality