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Additional index words. Criconemella xenoplax, Prunus persica, rootstock breeding Abstract. Clonally replicated peach seedlings (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) of Lovell, Nemaguard, and four F1 selec- tions of Lovell × Nemared were tested for field survival on a peach tree short life site. Rootstock families differed in growth, survival, and longevity. Genetic variation was similar to environmental variation for most families. Based on seedling within rootstock family, estimated broad-sense heritabilities for survival and longevity were high. The use of clonally replicated seedlings allowed the selection of apparently superior individuals from both Lovell and the other more short-lived rootstock families in a single screening. The ring nematode (Criconemella xenoplax (Raski) Luc & Raski) (Cx) is a primary predisposing factor in the peach tree short life (PTSL) syndrome (Nyczepir, 1990; Nyczepir et al., 1983; Ritchie and Clayton, 1981). Lovell is the recommended rootstock for use on PTSL sites in the southeastern United States (Brittain and Miller, 1978) where it provides at least a marginal improvement in tree survival. On sites with root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) problems, Nemaguard or Nemared are rec- ommended, but they are shorter lived than Lovell where PTSL is present. Pre- and postplant chemical control of ring and root-knot nematodes is recommended. However, the long-term commit- ment and cost required for effective chemical control makes the development of rootstocks resistant to both PTSL and root-knot nematodes an attractive alternative. Since 1981, the U.S. De- partment of Agriculture-A gricultural Research Service (USDA- ARS) at Byron, Ga., has been evaluating peach and plum (Pru- nus spp.) germplasm for field tolerance/resistance to PTSL. The purpose of this research has been to identify superior lines either for direct use as seedling or clonal rootstocks or for use in the development of new rootstocks. Such screening generally uses unbudded seedlings of test families in field tests of 5 to 8 years duration. Peach rootstocks are generally grown from seed; therefore, variability in plant performance (seedling to seedling) within a rootstock family may be due to genetic and/or environmental causes. The purpose of this experiment was to use clonally replicated seedlings to study sources of variation affecting tree survival on PTSL sites.

Use of Clonally Replicated Seedlings in Field Screening for Resistance to Peach Tree Short Life