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Additional index words. evapotranspiration, leaf-water potential, soil water, stomatal conductance Abstract. The relative sensitivity of plant- and soil-based measures of water availability were compared for prune trees subjected to a range of irrigation regimes under field conditions. Over the growing season, leaf- and stem-water potentials (ψ) measured at midday exhibited clear differences between frequently irrigated trees and unirrigated trees that were growing on stored soil moisture. Stem ψ was less variable than leaf ψ, ψ, and the daily variability in stem ψ ψ was closely related to daily variability in evaporative demands, as measured by vapor pressure deficit (VPD). As a result of lower variability, stem ψ reflected the small stress effect of a moderate, 50% soil moisture depletion irrigation interval, whereas leaf ψ did not. The relation between soil water content and estimated orchard evapo- transpiration (ET) was influenced by local differences in soil texture within the experimental plot. The relation between stem ψ and ET, however, was not influenced by soil texture and, in addition, was very similar to the relation between stem ψ and leaf stomatal conductance. Both relationships indicated that a 50% reduction in leaf and canopy level water loss characteristics was associated with relatively small reductions (0.5 to 0.6 MPa) in stem ψ. ψ. Stem ψ appears to be a sensitive and reliable plant-based measure of water stress in prune and maybe a useful tool for experimental work and irrigation scheduling. Plant water stress under dry soil conditions is associated with various physiological responses, such as growth reductions and stomatal closure, which can reduce plant water use and can also limit overall plant productivity (Bradford and Hsiao, 1982). Ir- rigation to avoid plant water stress is a common practice, and the need for irrigation is often based on a soil-water balance approach, using estimates of environmental water demand (e.g., reference crop evapotranspiration (ET 0), Burman. 1980) and/or measures of soil-water status (Campbell and Campbell, 1982). The value of both of these measures, however, is limited, be- cause they are not directly related to the occurrence of plant water stress and hence may not be directly related to the symp- toms that ultimately reduce plant productivity. For instance, Denmead and Shaw (1962) found that under high ET0 conditions (6 to 7 mm·day -1 ), a relatively wet soil (soil matric potential greater than - 0.03 MPa) was required to support maximum plant transpiration. Under lower ET0 conditions, however (1.4

Stem-water Potential as a Sensitive Indicator of Water Stress in Prune Trees (Prunus domestica L. cv. French)