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Red- and purple-leafed seedlings and clonal material selected for superior color and growth under northern climatic conditions may exhibit progressive color loss and reduced growth rates when exposed to the hot summers and high night temperatures of more southern climates. Studies were conducted to characterize the color loss associated with red-leafed seedlings of  Acer palmatum  Thunb. (Japanese maple), and to determine to what extent night temperatures affect the dark respiration, growth, and anthocyanin expression of  A. palmatum  `Bloodgood'. The percentage of seedlings within each of five color classes was determined for five dates from spring to early fall. Significant shifts in class distribution occurred on every evaluation date tested. The class changes contributing the most to these shifts varied with age of leaf material and date. Dark respiration rates increased by 0.09 mg CO 2 /g leaf dry weight per hour for every 1C rise in temperature, regardless of exposure duration. Dark respiration rates of 0.69 and 1.73 mg CO 2 /g per hour were found at 14 and 26C, respectively. The greatest amount of growth occurred during weeks 6 through 8 at a night temperature of 14C. Plant growth during this period increased by an average 51%, compared to that at warmer night temperatures. Ultimately, total plant growth at 14C decreased 7%, 19%, and 32% as night temperatures increased from 18 to 22 to 26C. Leaf redness index values at 14 or 18C were from two to seven times greater than those at warmer night temperatures.

Leaf Color Retention, Dark Respiration, and Growth of Red-leafed Japanese Maples Under High Night Temperatures