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Russet is a disorder of apple (Malus ×domestica) fruit where the formation of cork cells leads to a cosmetic blemish which is commercially undesirable. One of the many causes of russet is low temperature damage early in fruit development. Following frost damage to fruit, a study was initiated to determine whether carbaryl chemical thinner was more effective in thinning russeted fruit than nonrusseted fruit. With no chemical thinner application, russeted fruit abscised at a greater rate than nonrusseted fruit. Following the application of carbaryl to the fruit however, there was no difference in the retention of fruit among the treatments. Chemically thinning with carbaryl therefore is not a technique that growers could use to preferentially thin russeted fruit. Russet is a physiological disorder of apples characterized by cork formation over the epidermis following an environmental stress, such as frost. This undesirable characteristic usually results in fruit being culled or downgraded and can lead to significant economic losses to the fruit grower. Early research (cited by Faust and Shear, 1972) found that cracking of the cuticle was the earliest step in the etiology of russet. Both cultural practices and environmental conditions can cause or exacerbate development of the disorder. Various pesticide applications can lead to the formation of russet (Creasy and Swartz, 1981) and high humidity and frequent rainfall are often associated with severe russeting (Creasy, 1980). Frost injury, particularly during bloom, frequently results in a band of russet around the equator of the fruit or patches of russet over the surface of the fruit (Simons, 1959). When such a frost event occurs, the fruit grower is usually faced with either hand thinning to eliminate damaged fruitlets or extensive sorting after harvest, both of which are labor intensive and expensive. Since russeted areas of fruit have a reduced amount of cuticular wax deposition above the epidermal cells (Vries, 1968), we hypothesized that this may allow increased absorption of chemical thinning materials, and thereby allow russeted fruit to be chemically thinned preferentially. This study was conducted to determine whether fruitlets russeted from frost damage were more responsive to chemical thinning applications than nonrusseted fruitlets, and therefore could be preferentially eliminated using a chemical thinning agent such as carbaryl. Materials and methods

The Apple Fruitlet Thinning Response to Carbaryl is Unaffected by Russet