English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

An artificial crossing was made between four  Viola  × wittrockiana  (2 n  = 48) lines and one  Viola cornuta  inbred (2 n  = 26) line as well as among  V.  × wittrockiana  lines to investigate the cytologic characteristics, fertility, and heteroses of hybrids. The sizes of flowers and stomata and the leaf areas of the  V.  × wittrockiana  plants were larger than those of the  V. cornuta  plants. The karyologic stability of  V. cornuta  was greater than that of  V.  × wittrockiana , and ≈20% of individuals in the latter deviated from the given 2 n  = 48. Capsule setting after interspecies hand pollination ranged from 28% to 94%, and F 1  seed germination ranged from 16% to 88%, revealing no obvious pre- or postzygotic selection mechanisms. The chromosome numbers in  V.  × wittrockiana  ×  V. cornuta  F 1  seedlings varied (2 n  = 34–38), with about half the cells exhibiting the intermediate (2 n  = 36) value. These interspecific hybrids exhibited positive heterosis in flower size (range, 11% to 66%) and negative heterosis in plant height (range, –12% to –57%). Both of these traits are desirable in pansy breeding programs.

Karyologic and Heterosis Studies of the Artificial Inter- and Intraspecific Hybrids of Viola ×wittrockiana and Viola cornuta