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Interspecific and intergeneric crosses were performed between species in the genera  Baptisia  and  Thermopsis  with the goal of creating hybrids with the best qualities of both parents.  Baptisia australis  (L.) R. Br. was used as both the male and female parent in intergeneric crosses.  Thermopsis chinensis  Benth. ex S. Moore,  T. lupinoides  (L.) Link, and  T. villosa  Fernald &amp; B.G. Schub. were used as male and female parents in both interspecific and intergeneric crosses. Pollen was collected from  B. alba  (L.) Vent.,  B. bracteata  Muhl. ex Elliott, and  B. lanceolata  (Walt.) Ell. and used to make interspecific and intergeneric crosses. Putative hybrids were obtained from both interspecific and intergeneric crosses. Interspecific crosses produced a higher percentage of pollinations resulting in seed set and the number of seeds per pollination than intergeneric crosses. Morphological differences between parent species and progeny were evident in putative hybrids resulting from intergeneric crosses between  T. villosa  and  B. australis  and  T. villosa  and  B. alba . Most putative hybrids bloomed during the second year after germination. Because seedlings could be obtained from both interspecific and intergeneric crosses, hybrids within and between the genera  Baptisia  and  Thermopsis  are feasible. The Fabaceae family contains 670–750 genera and 18,000–19,000 species.  Baptisia  (commonly called false or wild indigo) and  Thermopsis  (commonly named false lupine) of the Fabaceae belong to the tribe Thermopsidae, which comprises 46 species in six genera. All species in  Thermopsis  and  Baptisia  are herbaceous; they are the only two genera in Thermopsidae that do not have woody species.  Thermopsis  contains 23 species and has a wide-spread distribution with species endemic to Asia and much of temperate North America. Although  Thermopsis  is considered to have originated in central Asia,  T. chinensis  Benth. ex S. Moore and  T. fabacea  (Pallas) Candole are thought to have originated in North America and migrated over the Bering Land Strait to Asia. Three  Thermopsis  species,  T. fraxinifolia  Nutt. ex M.A. Curtis,  T. mollis  (Michx.) M.A. Curtis ex A. Gray, and  T. villosa  Fernald &amp; B.G. Schub., are native to the southeastern United States.  Baptisia  contains 15–17 species that are endemic to the southeastern and midwestern United States.

Interspecific and Intergeneric Hybridization in Baptisia and Thermopsis