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The effects of fruit load and nitrogen (N) rate (0, 20, and 40 g N per tree) on fruit characteristics and the composition of nitrogenous compounds (e.g., amino acids and protein) and nonstructural carbohydrates in different plant tissues were determined in container-grown 5-year-old 'Fuyu' persimmon trees. Leaf-fruit (L/F) ratios were adjusted to either 20 (high) or 10 (low) by fruit thinning on 2 July. N was applied by fertigation as 1% (w/v) urea from 3 July to 20 Sept. The low L/F ratio decreased size and coloration of fruits,whereasincreasingNrateresultedinfruitswithlowskincolorandsolublesolidsbut with high firmness. The high L/F ratio increased N concentrations only in 1- to 4-year-old wood and the trunk, whereas increasing N rate increased N concentrations of all tree tissues, especially of roots. The L/F ratio did not significantly affect the composition of nitrogenous compounds and carbohydrates in the tree tissues. As N rate increased, amino acid concentrations increased in all the tree parts, especially in aerial wood and roots where a three- to eightfold increase was observed between the 0- and 40-g N rates. Although not great, protein concentrations also increased with increasing N rate. Increasing N rate significantly reduced soluble sugars in fruit, trunk, and root and starch in leaf and root. The results indicated that an excessive supply of supplemental N could delay fruit maturation and reduce carbohydrate accumulations of 'Fuyu' trees regardless of the L/F ratios.

hortscience

Influence of Leaf-fruit Ratio and Nitrogen Rate on Fruit Characteristics, Nitrogenous Compounds, and Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Young Persimmon Trees