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One of the major problems of watermelon production is the decrease of fruit yield and quality caused by soil diseases. Soil disinfection with methyl bromide (MB) has been used to prevent fungus attacks; however, its use is being restricted because this substancedamages theozonelayer.Searching fornewMBalternatives,field experiments were carried out in open field in soils infested with Olpidium bornovanus and melon necrotic spot virus in Colima, Mexico, where watermelons had only been grown pre- viously using soil fumigation with MB. Yield and quality of watermelon cultivar triploid Tri-X 313 grafted on two rootstocks of Cucurbita maxima · Cucurbita moschata ('RS841' and 'Shintosa Camelforce') were evaluated during 2 consecutive years. Each experiment had five treatments, two of them with nongrafted plants at a density of 3472 plants/ha with and without MB fumigation. The remaining three treatments had grafted plants in nonfumigatedsoilwithplantdensitiesof2778,2083,and1740plants/ha.Theuseofwater- melon grafted on 'RS841' and 'Shintosa Camelforce' rootstocks significantly increased theaverage fruit weightand thetotal yieldofwatermelon insoil withouttheneedfor MB. Grafting may be considered as an alternative MB fumigation. With the use of grafted watermelon plants, planting density may be reduced by 50%, obtaining higher yields than those obtained from nongrafted plants grown on fumigated soil except for 'Tri-X 313' grafted on 'Shintosa Camelforce' in 2006-2007. Fruits harvested from grafted plantshadhigherfirmnessthanthoseharvestedfromnongraftedplantswithoutaffecting the content of soluble solids.

Influence of Grafted Watermelon Plant Density on Yield and Quality in Soil Infested with Melon Necrotic Spot Virus