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Most of the self-compatible (SC) cultivars of almond [ Prunus dulcis  (Mill.) D.A. Webb. syn.  P. amygdalus  Batsch] have the  S f   haplotype. In this study, we cloned and characterized the  S  locus region of the  S f   haplotype of SC ‘Lauranne’. The relative transcriptional orientation of  SFB f   and  S f -RNase  and the physical distance between them are similar to those of other functional self-incompatible (SI)  S  haplotypes of  Prunus , indicating that the genomic structure of the SC  S f   haplotype appears to be intact. Although there is no apparent mutation in the coding sequence of  SFB f  , the  S f -RNase  sequence in this study and previously reported  S f -RNase  sequences show discrepancies. First, as opposed to previous indications, the ‘Lauranne’  S f -RNase  sequence encodes a histidine residue in place of a previously reported arginine residue in the conserved C2 region of  Prunus  S-RNase. Direct sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products from the  S f -RNase  of ‘Tuono’ confirmed that ‘Tuono’  S f -RNase  also encodes the histidine residue. We found another difference in the ‘Lauranne’  S f -RNase  sequence and other reported  S f -RNase  sequences. Namely, ‘Lauranne’  S f -RNase  encodes a phenylalanine residue in place of a previously reported leucine residue in the conserved C5 region of  Prunus  S-RNase. This is also the case for ‘Tuono’  S f -RNase . Expression analysis of  S f -RNase  and  SFB f   by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction showed that  S f -RNase  transcripts were barely detectable in pistil, whereas  SFB f   transcripts were accumulated at a similar level to the level that was observed with  SFB  of other functional SI  S  haplotypes of almond. We discuss the possible molecular mechanisms of SC observed with the  S f   haplotype with special references to the expression of  S f -RNase .

hortscience

Cloning and Characterization of a Self-compatible Sf Haplotype in Almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb. syn. P. amygdalus Batsch] to Resolve Previous Confusion in Its Sf-RNase Sequence