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The vegetable breeding program at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (TAES; now Texas AgriLife Research) in Weslaco, TX, has a 60-year history of developing commercially important cultivars to meet consumer and industry needs such as improved fruit quality, disease resistance, and productivity. Western shipper melon (Cucumis melo L., Reticulatus Group) varieties are among some of the important Cucurbit crops grown in Texas for the summer fresh markets. Twelve muskmelon cultivars, including muskmelons, honeydews, and canary types, have been released since 1950 (Correa, 1964; Godfrey, 1953). Melon production in Texas has fluctuated dramatically over the years, from historic highs of more than 11,000 ha to more recent levels of 4,600 ha (Smith and Anciso, 2005). High costs of production, increased competition from Central America, and quality control problems have been significant factors contributing to this decline. Over the years, the vegetable breeding program at Weslaco has addressed some of the major limitations to sustainable production of high-quality melon crops in Texas. These include susceptibility to various diseases such as gummy stem blight, Monosporascus root rot and vine decline, powdery mildew, downy mildew, and the Cucurbit Yellow Stunting Disorder virus. Hence, disease resistance and fruit quality are some of the major priority areas of the breeding program and have received considerable consumer, industry, and government (U.S. Department of Agriculture) support. Under the ‘‘Designing Foods for Health’’ grant (CSREES 2001-3440210543, 2003-34402-13647), the program has selected, for genetically enhanced levels of beneficial phytochemicals such as b-carotene as well as total sugars within TAES, commercially improved lines and wild-type germplasm. The outcomes from this program are new inbred lines with both disease resistance and improved fruit quality.

‘Chujuc’, a New Powdery Mildew-resistant U.S. Western-shipper Melon with High Sugar and β-Carotene Content