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Twenty-five cultivars were initially screened for germination at 10 °C, 30 °C, and 40 °C. Four cultivars were chosen for further study for physiological and biochemical characteristics—namely, `Texas Cream 40' (TC-40), which showed ability to germinate at very high (40 °C) and low (10 °C) temperatures; `Black Crowder' (BC), which had acceptably high germination at 40 °C, but reduced germination at 10 °C; and `Mississippi Purple' (MP), which exhibited lower germination at all temperatures tested. The main sugars present in cowpea seed were sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose. Sugar contents were affected by cultivar, type of tissue, and temperature. Sucrose contents were higher in embryo tissue of cultivars with a lower germination percentage, and reduced in the cultivar with a higher germination percentage, suggesting the use of sucrose for germination. Sucrose decreased greatly at 30 °C and increased again at 40 °C. Sucrose “de novo” synthesis was higher at higher temperature. An accumulation of sucrose was evident in embryo tissues of cultivars with reduced ability to germinate at low temperature. Raffinose and stachyose contents were higher in ungerminated seed. In germinated seed, raffinose and stachyose contents were found only in cotyledon tissues at 10 °C. The peroxidase activity was affected by cultivars, type of tissue, and temperature. The highest peroxidase activity was found at low temperature (10 °C) in embryo tissue of the cultivar with the highest germination. The result also suggests that high peroxidase activity was related to ability of seed to germinate at low temperature.

hortscience

(206) Carbohydrate Compositions and Peroxidase Activity in Whole Seed, Cotyledon, and Embryo Tissues of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Cultivars Grown Under Stress Temperatures