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The objective of this study was to determine if fertilization and irrigation prac- tices in the nursery affect plant growth and stress resistance following outplanting in the landscape. Flowering crabapple (Malus) 'Sutyzam', grown in containers under factorial combinations of two irrigations schedules (containers irrigated at 25% or 50% container capacity) and three rates of fertilization (N at 50, 200, 350 mg·L -1 ) in a nursery in 1997 were outplanted in a low maintenance landscape in 1998. Trees from the high fertility regime grew faster in the landscape the year of transplant. Tree growth in the landscape was positively correlated with N concentration in plants in the nursery and negatively correlated with concentrations of phenolics in the foliage in the landscape. However, the trees showing the greatest amount of diameter growth had the lowest concentrations of foliar phenolics. Trees with low concentrations of phenolics also exhibited a greater potential for herbivory by larvae of the eastern tent caterpillar, gypsy moth, and white- marked tussock moth. Additionally, trees exhibiting rapid growth in the landscape also had reduced photosynthesis during summer drought compared to slower growing trees, suggesting a reduced drought tolerance in the landscape. Differences in growth and stress resistance did not carry beyond the year of transplant. Our results illustrate that irrigation and fertilization methods in the nursery can infl uence growth post transplant, however fertilization also appears to have a signifi cant impact on stress resistance traits of the trees. These impacts from the nursery production methods had no effect after plants had acclimated to the conditions in the landscape during the year following transplant. Nutrient management in nursery produc- tion of containerized plants can optimize rapid growth, which is necessary to shorten produc- tion schedules and maintain profi t margins as well as affect establishment success after transplant into a landscape environment. 'Nu- trient loading' of plants in the nursery has been proposed as a strategy for increasing growth of transplants the years following outplanting, when nutrient uptake may be limited by root damage. Remobilization of stored nutrients stimulates increased shoot growth after transplanting (McAlister and Timmer 1998). However, nurseries are also under increasing pressure to conserve water and limit nutrient runoff. These confl icting management objec- tives may be resolved when water and nutrient requirements for optimal growth have been determined. Recent studies have shown that it is possible to decrease fertilizer use in nursery production of containerized plants without sacrifi cing plant growth (Cabrera, 2002; Rose

hortscience

Fertilization Rate and Irrigation Scheduling in the Nursery Influence Growth, Insect Performance, and Stress Tolerance of `Sutyzam' Crabapple in the Landscape