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The effects of 2 consecutive years of annual defoliation during the harvest season on fruit size, yield, juice quality, leaf size and number were examined in trees of the midseason cultivar 'Hamlin' and the late-season cultivar 'Valencia' orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.). In 'Hamlin', removal of up to 50% of the leaves in late November had no effect on fruit yield, fruit number, fruit size, soluble solids yield, juice °Brix, and °Brix to acid ratio of juice the following year. In 'Valencia', removal of 50% of the leaves in late March decreased fruit yield and soluble solids yield but did not affect Brix or the Brix to acid ratio of the juice. Leaf size of new fl ush was reduced by removal of 50% of the leaves in both cultivars but there was little effect on total canopy size. There were no measured effects of removing 25% of leaves from tree canopies. Thus, canopy growth, fruit yield, fruit quality, and leaf size were not negatively impacted when annual defoliations did not exceed 25% of the total canopy leaf area in 'Valencia' and 'Hamlin' orange trees for two consecutive years. Overall, fruit weight increased linearly with increasing ratio of leaf area to fruit number, suggesting that fruit enlargement can be limited by leaf area. 'Hamlin' and 'Valencia' are the two most important processing orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. ) cultivars grown in Florida. Fruit from the midseason cultivar 'Hamlin' usually mature from November through January, whereas fruit from the late-season cultivar 'Valencia' usu- ally mature after bloom in late March through June. Thus, 'Hamlin' fruit are harvested before bloom in the spring, whereas 'Valencia' orange fruit are harvested after bloom when fruit are at least one year of age and while young fruit are developing for next year's crop (Yuan et al., 2001). Due to increasing labor costs, the use of mechanical technologies to harvest Florida processing oranges is steadily increasing. Suc- cessful mechanical harvesting of orange fruit is enhanced by the use of abscission agents that reduce fruit detachment force and increase the effi ciency of fruit removal during mechanical harvesting (Burns, 2002; Burns et al., 2005). However, most abscission agents not only loosen fruit but also cause leaf abscission (Burns

Partial Defoliation Can Decrease Average Leaf Size but Has Little Effect on Orange Tree Growth, Fruit Yield and Juice Quality