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The objective was to explore temporal distribution of grape phylloxera,  Daktulosphaira vitifoliae  (Fitch), gallicoles on grapevine rootstocks ( Vitis  sp.) and determine how this distribution arose. We tested the hypothesis that leaf galls are created by individuals arising from the soil in the spring. Galls begin to appear at budbreak and gall averages per leaf increase variably as the season progresses. Initial galling appears to be associated with dry conditions and gall populations decline with rain. Emergence-trap catches show that phylloxera maintain populations on rootstock roots and that these populations disperse above ground. Aerial trap data demonstrated wind dispersal of crawlers and alates. Shielding of canes from soil-emerging phylloxera largely prevented early gall formation. These results suggest alternative testable hypotheses for explaining overwintering of phylloxera in rootstock vineyards.

Grape Phylloxera Gallicole and Radicicole Activity on Grape Rootstock Vines