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This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of harvest date on yield and storage of short-day onions in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage conditions. In general, harvest yields increased with later harvest dates. Yields of jumbo (>7.6 cm) onions primarily showed a quadratic or cubic response to harvest date, fi rst increasing and then showing diminished or reduced marginal yields. Medium (>5.1 to ≤7.6 cm) onions generally showed diminished yield with later harvests as jumbos increased. Neither days from transplanting to harvest nor calculated degree days were reliable at predicting harvest date for a particular cultivar. Cultivars (early, midseason, and late maturing) performed consistently within their harvest class compared to other cultivars for a specifi c year, but could not be used to accurately predict a specifi c number of days to harvest over all years. Only three of the eight statistical assessments of percent marketable onions after CA storage were signifi cant with two show- ing a linear increase with later harvest date and one showing a cubic trend, fi rst increasing, then decreasing, and fi nally increasing again based on harvest date. Determining an optimum time to harvest onions is important both to maximize yield and quality. For short-day onions this has traditionally been for fresh market consump- tion. With the recent adoption of CA storage, optimum harvest date for storage has also become a concern. Onion maturity often refers to percent tops down, which is the percent of onions with necks weak enough for the tops to breakover and lay on the ground. Onions adapted to northern climates will reach maximum yield when 100% mature but may actually continue to grow after the tops are down (Suojala, 2001). By contrast (Bottcher, 1999) reported that optimum harvest resulting in least losses for long-term outdoor storage occurred when 90% of the tops are down and 40% to 50% of the leaves are dry. In another study of long-

Harvest Date Effect on Yield and Controlled-atmosphere Storability of Short-day Onions