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A photoautotrophic or sugar-free medium micropropagation system (PAM) using fi ve large culture vessels (volume = 120 L each) with a forced ventilation unit for supply- ing CO 2 -enriched air was developed and applied to commercial production of calla lily (Zantedeschia elliottiana) and china fi r (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantlets. The culture period of calla lily plantlets in the PAM was reduced by 50%, compared with that in a conventional, photomixotrophic micropropagation system (PMM) using small vessels each containing a sugar-containing medium. Percent survival ex vitro of calla lily plantlets from the PAM was 95%, while that from the PMM was 60%. The production cost of calla lily in the PAM was reduced by about 40%, compared with that in the PMM, and the initial investment per plantlet for the PAM was ≈10% lower than that for the PMM. The sales price of ex vitro acclimatized calla lily plantlet was increased by 25% due to its higher quality, compared with plantlets produced in the PMM.

Commercial Application of a Photoautotrophic Micropropagation System Using Large Vessels with Forced Ventilation: Plantlet Growth and Production Cost