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To determine the effect of blossom and fruitlet thinners on crop load, fruit weight, seed development during the year of treatment, and the subsequent year effect on return bloom, fruit weight and yield, a fi eld trial using the biennial apple cultivar 'Northern Spy' (Malus × domestica Borkh.) was established. Treatments applied at full bloom included ATS (ammonium thiosulphate) (12% (w/v) nitrogen, 26% (w/v) S); TD (15.9% (w/v) diacarboxylic acid, 5.5% (w/v) dimethylalkylamine salt (Endothal)) and SCY (57% (w/v) pelargonic acid (Scythe)). At 18 days after full bloom (DAFB), oil treatments (98% (w/v) mineral oil (Superior "70" oil)) were applied with S (480 g·L -1 a.i. carbaryl (Sevin XLR)) and without as a means of increasing the effi cacy of S. BA (19 g·L -1 a.i. 6-benzyladenine /1.9 g·L -1 a.i. gibberellins 4+7 (Accel)); S; and/or SA (100% (w/w) 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid)), were also applied in a factorial arrangement on the same day. Fruit ab- scission was signifi cantly increased the year of treatment with BA, S, BA + S, BA + SA, S + SA, BA + S + SA, oil, and S + oil. Average fruit weight was enhanced by S, BA + S, BA + SA, S + SA, BA + S + SA, and S + oil although in the latter treatment the crop load was very low. Only treatments that included BA reduced the number of fully developed seeds per fruit and seed number per trunk cross-sectional area (TCA) and increased return bloom. Defi ning the number of fully developed seeds per tree coupled with crop load is proposed as a predictor of return bloom in 'Northern Spy'.

Blossom and Fruitlet Thinners Affect Crop Load, Fruit Weight, Seed Number, and Return Bloom of `Northern Spy' Apple