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Roots of greenhouse-grown mint plants and in-vitro-grown shoot cultures were inoculated with Verticillium dahliae Kleb. conidial suspensions to study wilt symptom development and detection and elimination of the fungus. There were significant differ - ences in the symptom expression between control and infected shoot cultures at all conidia concentrations for the four mints tested. Disease-symptom ratings were proportional to the V. dahliae inoculum density. Infected shoot cultures were stunted when inoculated with ≥ 10 3 conidia/mL. Verticillium dahliae was re-isolated from infected shoot cultures at all levels of inoculum, but not from any control cultures. Verticillium infections were easily detected by plating mint stems on potato dextrose agar. Shoot tips (0.5 to 15 mm) from infected in-vitro- and greenhouse-grown plants were isolated and screened for fungus. The most effective shoot length for fungus elimination was 3-5 mm. Shoot tips isolated from in vitro spearmint cultivars infected at 10 2 and 10 3 conidia/mL were 100% Verticillium free, but only 42% of ʻBlack Mitchamʼ and 54% of ʻToddʼs Mitchamʼ peppermints were free of the disease. Shoot tips from infected greenhouse plants produced Verticillium-free cultures from 79% of ʻBlack Mitchamʼ and 90% of ʻToddʼs Mitchamʼ plants. These results indicate the utility of testing for Verticillium and the safety of micropropagated mint shoots for certified planting stock programs.

Development, Detection, and Elimination of Verticillium dahliae in Mint Shoot Cultures