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Glycolysis has been shown to accelerate in many plant species, and the glycolytic pathway was considered to replace the Krebs cycle as the main source of energy when O 2  becomes limiting. The increase in glycolytic flux is accompanied by the accumulation of glycolytic end products, including ethanol and lactate. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been isolated from several plant sources; however, there is very little work reported on LDH induction during anaerobiosis and no information is available on the long-term effect of low O 2  atmosphere on lactic fermentation in carrot ( Daucus carota  L.) roots. To understand the regulation of metabolism of lactic fermentation, carrot root shreds were stored under a continuous flow of 0.5% and 2% O 2  (balance N 2 ), or air at 5°C and 15°C. The concentration of lactate and the activity of LDH increased rapidly, reached peaks after 2 days, and then gradually decreased. The maximum increase level of LDH was 2.8-, 2.1-, 2.0-, and 1.6-fold; that of lactate was 5.6-, 3.8-, 2.9-, and 2.6-fold for 0.5% O 2  at 15°C and 5°C, and 2% O 2  AT 15°C and 5°C, respectively, compared with corresponding air control. These results indicate that the lactic fermentation was more accelerated in 0.5% O 2  than 2% O 2  atmosphere, and more accelerated at the higher storage temperature than the lower one. However, ethanol accumulation, which was found in the carrots under the same low-O 2  atmosphere, was much more than lactate accumulation. Thus, carrot roots possess LDH, which appears under low-O 2  atmosphere, but lactic fermentation may be a minor carbon flux compared to ethanolic fermentation.

Lactic Fermentation of Carrot Root Shred under Low Oxygen