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The target of many genetic engineering experiments is to inhibit the expression of an endogenous gene. For example, research in my laboratory attempts to suppress the expression of ethylene biosynthetic pathway genes to inhibit the production of ethylene and delay flower senescence. The silencing of endogenous genes is generally accomplished by engineering plants to express either antisense or sense RNAs homologous to the target sequence. The mechanism by which gene silencing occurs is not clearly understood. Genetic and molecular analyses of transgene-induced silencing has revealed both meiotically reversible and fully stable phenotypes resulting from the expression of the transgene. In several cases, the mechanisms potentially involved in the silencing of the transgene and concomitant reversion of phenotype have been studied. These include transgene copy number, configuration of the integrated DNA, level of transgene RNA, and environmental factors. In many cases the silencing of transgenes was correlated with DNA methylation. These phenomena and the implications for engineering horticultural crops to express transgenes will be discussed in this workshop.

Phenotypic and Genetic Stability of Petunias Expressing Sense and Antisense RNAs of Endogenous Genes