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Previous greenhouse studies in Raleigh have shown that nighttime cooling increases tomato fruit weights from 11% to 53%, depending on planting dates. The physiological mechanism was unclear, except that temperatures during fruitset were most critical. We report here on 3 experiments, 2 in greenhouses and 1 in the phytotron, comparing pollen characteristics of plants grown at differing night temperatures. In the greenhouse studies, nighttime temperatures were kept below 20°C for either the whole night or just the last half of the night. In the phytrotron studies night temperatures were 18, 22, 24 or 26°C, In both phytotron and greenhouse studies, there was considerable day-to-day variability in pollen characteristics and % germination. The most consistent effect in both types of studies was a decrease in total pollen and an increase in % abnormal pollen at high night temperatures. In the phytotron studies 20°C appeared optimal for both these characteristics.

128 POLLEN CHARACTERISTICS AND IN VITRO POLLEN GERMINATION OF TOMATOES GROWN AT HIGH NIGHT TEMPERATURES