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The most commonly encountered problem in a reservoir is the loss of its storage capacity due to sedimentation, which if exceeds a certain level consequently leads to shortening of the life of the dam associated with the reservoir. Various methods and models are used for the assessment, analysis as well as prediction of reservoir sedimentation. Remote sensing being an effective and time saving method is used in the present paper, to assess the reservoir sedimentation in Tehri reservoir, Uttarakhand, India. Due to sedimentation in the reservoir, the elevation (stage) changes with time and with it the water spread area of a reservoir also changes. An adaptive technique was applied for extracting of water-spread area of the reservoir at any particular elevation by using multi dated satellite imageries (LANDSAT5 TM) and SRTM DEM. This facilitates to estimate sedimentation over a period of time. The revised capacity of the reservoir between maximum and minimum levels was computed using the trapezoidal formula. The loss in reservoir capacity in water elevation fluctuation zones due to deposition of sediments for a period of 5 years (2006-2011) was determined to be 62.62 Mm3, which gives an average sedimentation rate of 12.52 Mm3 year-1 in the Tehri reservoir.

Estimation of sedimentation rate of a reservoir using remote sensing data: a case study of tehri reservoir